sohimoОмский научный вестник. Серия "Общество. История. Современность"Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Society. History. Modernity2542-04882541-7983Омский государственный технический университет10.25206/2542-0488-2026-11-3-96-103KNIPLZsohimo-314Research ArticleФИЛОСОФИЯ. Позиции и А-ПозицииPHILOSOPHY. Pros and ConsИспользование цифровых двойников: этические и биоэтические перспективыUse of digital twins: Ethical and bioethical perspectiveshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7048-3373АнтиповА. В.AntipovA. V.

АНТИПОВ Алексей Владимирович, кандидат философских наук, старший научный сотрудник сектора гуманитарных экспертиз и биоэтики 

AuthorID (РИНЦ): 828022

AuthorID (SCOPUS): 58117217900

ResearcherID: U-8814-2018

109240, г. Москва, ул. Гончарная, 12, стр. 1

ANTIPOV Aleksei Vladimirovich, Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Senior Researcher of the Humanitarian Expertise and Bioethics Department

AuthorID (RSCI): 828022

AuthorID (SCOPUS): 58117217900

ResearcherID: U-8814-2018 

Институт философии Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20260510202611396–103Copyright © Антипов А.В., 20262026Антипов А.В.Antipov A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ois.omgtu.ru/jour/article/view/314

Продление жизни человека является одной из краеугольных проблем цивилизации в целом. История знает большое количество проектов достижения бессмертия, многие из которых носят утопический или откровенно эзотерический характер. Однако в связи с развитием технологий на основе искусственного интеллекта появляются возможности реляционно и функционально продлить существование личности посредством создания цифровых двойников путем тонкой настройки и персонализации больших языковых моделей. Данная технология отходит от продления жизни как биологического феномена, но выстраивается на воспроизведении идиосинкразических характеристик личности и ее функциональных составляющих.

В рамках данной статьи-комментария предпринимается попытка анализа концепции цифровых двойников как инструмента продления личности, проблематизируется классификация их типов и функций, а также выявляются ключевые этические и социальные вызовы (корпоративный контроль, право на забвение, управление жизненным циклом). Несмотря на возможные проблемы, создание цифровых двойников имеет также большой потенциал для биоэтических исследований, поскольку может способствовать как улучшению реализации принципа уважения автономии (например, использование их в качестве дополнения к распоряжениям на случай недееспособности), так и для моделирования вмешательств до их непосредственного осуществления, что помогает снизить причиняемый вред.

В качестве вывода указывается необходимость разработки правовых и этических рамок, регулирующих создание, использование и уничтожение цифровых двойников.

The extension of human life constitutes one of the cornerstone challenges of civilization as a whole. History has recorded numerous projects aimed at achieving immortality, many of which have been utopian or overtly esoteric in nature. However, in the contemporary era, the development of Artificial Intelligencebased technologies has given rise to possibilities for the relational and functional extension of personal existence through the creation of digital twins via the fine-tuning and personalization of large language models. This technology departs from the concept of life extension as a biological phenomenon, instead focusing on replicating the idiosyncratic characteristics of an individual and their functional components.This commentary article attempts to analyse the concept of digital twins as a tool for personal extension, problematises the classification of their types and functions, and identifies key ethical and social challenges (corporate control, the right to be forgotten, lifecycle management). Despite potential issues, the creation of digital twins also holds significant potential for bioethical research, as it could enhance the implementation of the principle of respect for autonomy (for example, by using them as supplements to advance directives) and allow for the modelling of interventions prior to their actual implementation, thereby helping to minimize harm.The conclusion emphasizes the necessity of developing legal and ethical frameworks to regulate the creation, use and deletion of digital twins.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.