<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sohimo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Омский научный вестник. Серия "Общество. История. Современность"</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Society. History. Modernity</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-0488</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-7983</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Омский государственный технический университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25206/2542-0488-2025-10-4-12-19</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">LBDWDF</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sohimo-144</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Гвардия Комуча»: добровольческие части Уфимского фронта в октябре 1918–январе 1919 гг.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>“Komuch's Guard”: volunteer units of the Ufa front in october 1918–january 1919</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3265-2456</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заяц</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zayats</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ЗАЯЦ Николай Алексеевич, кандидат исторических наук, ассистент кафедры «История»</p><p>125993, г. Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 4</p><p>AuthorID (РИНЦ): 959848</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>ZAYATS Nikolai Alekseevich, Candidate of Historical Sciences, Assistant of the History Department</p><p>Moscow, Volokolamskoye shosse, 4, 125993</p><p>AuthorID (RSCI): 959848</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikza91@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский авиационный институт (национальный исследовательский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Aviation Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Заяц Н.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Заяц Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zayats N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ois.omgtu.ru/jour/article/view/144">https://ois.omgtu.ru/jour/article/view/144</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследование, проведенное на основе архивных документов Белой армии, мемуаров и советских донесений с применением историко-реконструктивного и сравнительного методов, впервые комплексно анализирует малоизученные добровольческие формирования эсеровской ориентации (1-й Русско-Чешский полк, батальон имени Учредительного собрания, отряд Б. К. Фортунатова), созданные в 1918 г. при поддержке Комуча и чехословаков. Установлено, что инициатива создания исходила от чешского командования для пополнения фронта. Несмотря на революционную риторику, они показали ограниченную боеспособность. Попытки эсеров использовать их против колчаковского переворота провалились из-за нейтралитета чехов и аполитичности добровольцев. В январе 1919 г. формирования были расформированы, что подтверждает несостоятельность «демократической альтернативы» в Гражданской войне. Исследование вносит вклад в понимание механизмов формирования белых армий и роли политических факторов в их эволюции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study, based on archival documents of the White Army, memoirs and Soviet reports, using historicalreconstructive and comparative methods, for the first time comprehensively analyzes the little-studied volunteer formations of Socialist-Revolutionary orientation (the 1st Russian-Czech Regiment, the Constituent Assembly Battalion, the B. K. Fortunatov Detachment), created in 1918 with the support of the Komuch and the Czechoslovaks. It is established that the initiative to create them came from the Czech command to replenish the front. Despite the revolutionary rhetoric, they demonstrated limited combat effectiveness. Attempts by the Socialist-Revolutionaries to use them against Kolchak's coup failed due to the neutrality of the Czechs and the apolitical nature of the volunteers. In January 1919, the formations were disbanded, which confirms the failure of the “democratic alternative” in the Civil War. The study contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms of the formation of the White armies and the role of political factors in their evolution.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Гражданская война</kwd><kwd>Белое движение</kwd><kwd>Комуч</kwd><kwd>эсеры</kwd><kwd>антибольшевистское движение</kwd><kwd>«демократическая контрреволюция».</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Civil War</kwd><kwd>White movement</kwd><kwd>Komuch</kwd><kwd>Socialist Revolutionaries</kwd><kwd>anti-Bolshevik movement</kwd><kwd>“democratic counter-revolution”.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щепихин С. А. Воспоминания 1918–1920 гг. / под ред. А. В. Ганина. Москва: Фонд «Связь Эпох», 2024. 976 с. ISBN 978-5-907396-34-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shchepikhin S. A. Vospominaniya 1918–1920 gg. [Memories of 1918–1920s] / Ed. by A. V. Ganin. Moscow, 2024. 976 p. ISBN 978-5-907396-34-0. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петров П. П. От Волги до Тихого океана в рядах белых. Рига, 1930. 250 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petrov P. P. Ot Volgi do Tikhogo okeana v ryadakh belykh [From Volga to the Pacific Ocean in whites’ ranks]. Riga, 1930. 250 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петрушева Л. И., Теплова Е. Ф. Россия антибольшевистская: Из белогвардейских и эмигрантских архивов / отв. ред. Г. А. Трукан. Москва: Институт всеобщей истории РАН, 1995 . 443 с. ISBN 5-201-00582-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petrusheva L. I., Teplova E. F. Rossiya antibol’shevistskaya: Iz belogvardeyskikh i emigrantskikh arkhivov [Anti-Bolshevik Russia: From the white guard and emigrant archives] / Ed. by G. A. Trukan. Moscow, 1995. 443 p. ISBN 5-201-00582-9. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Салдугеев Д. В. К вопросу формирования русско-чешских полков в период Гражданской войны в России // Социально-экономические, институционально-правовые и культурно-исторические компоненты развития муниципальных образований: сборник трудов IX Научно-практической конференции. Миасс: ООО «Абориген», 2012. С. 218–220.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saldugeyev D. V. K voprosu formirovaniya russko-cheshskikh polkov v period Grazhdanskoy voyny v Rossii [On the formation of Russian-Czech regiments during the Civil War in Russia]. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskiye, Institutsional’no-pravovyye i Kul’turno-istoricheskiye Komponenty Razvitiya Munitsipal’nykh Obrazovaniy. Miass, 2012. P. 218–220. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мельгунов С. П. Трагедия адмирала Колчака. Из истории Гражданской войны на Волге, Урале и в Сибири. Москва: Вече, 2017. 592 с. ISBN 978-5-4444-5391-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Melgunov S. P. Tragediya admirala Kolchaka. Iz istorii Grazhdanskoy voyny na Volge, Urale i v Sibiri [Tragedy of Admiral Kolchak. From the history of the Civil War on Volga, Urals and Siberia]. Moscow, 2017. 592 p. ISBN 978-5-4444-5391-9. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чешско-Словацкий (Чехословацкий) корпус. 1914– 1920. Документы и материалы. В 2 т. Т. 2. Чехословацкие легионы и Гражданская война в России. 1918–1920 гг. Москва: Кучково Поле, 2018. 1024 с. ISBN 978-5-9950-0934-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheshsko-Slovatskiy (Chekhoslovatskiy) korpus. 1914– 1920. Dokumenty i materialy [Czech-Slovak (Czechoslovakian) corps. 1914–1920s. Documents and materials. In 2 vols. Vol. 2. Czechoslovakian Legions and the Russian Civil War. 1918–1920s]. Moscow, 2018. 1024 p. ISBN 978-5-9950-0934-4. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Голуб П. А. Белый террор в России (1918–1920 гг.). Москва: Изд-во Патриот, 2006. 477 с. ISBN 5-7030-0951-0.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Golub P. A. Belyy terror v Rossii (1918–1920 gg.) [White terror in Russia (1918–1920s)]. Moscow, 2006. 477 p. ISBN 5-7030-0951-0. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ганин А. В. Адмирал А. В. Колчак и партия социалистов-революционеров: военно-политическое противоборство в ноябре–декабре 1918 г. // Военный комментатор. Военно-исторический альманах (Екатеринбург). 2009. № 1 (8). С. 21–37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ganin A. V. Admiral A. V. Kolchak i partiya sotsialistovrevolyutsionerov: voyenno-politicheskoye protivoborstvo v noyabre–dekabre 1918 g. [Admiral A. V. Kolchak and the Socialist Revolutionary party: the military-political confrontation in November–December 1918]. Voyennyy Kommentator. Voyennoistoricheskiy Al’manakh (Ekaterinburg). 2009. No. 1 (8). P. 21–37. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Залунина К. Н., Казаков А. Я. О работе подпольных большевистских организаций Сибири (1918–1919 гг.): документы Института марксизма-ленинизма при ЦК КПСС // Исторический архив. № 2. 1962. С. 96–119.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zalunina K. N., Kazakov A. Ya. O rabote podpol’nykh bol’shevistskikh organizatsiy Sibiri (1918–1919 gg.): dokumenty Instituta marksizma-leninizma pri TsK KPSS [On the work of subterranean Bolshevik organizations in Siberia (1918–1919): documents from the Institute of Marxism-Leninism under the Central Committee of the CPSU]. Istoricheskiy arkhiv. Historical Archive. No. 2. 1962. P. 96–119. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петров А. А. Оставление Сызрани и Самары Народной армией Комуча (20 сентября–20 октября 1918 г.) // Война и оружие. Новые исследования и материалы: тр. Пятой Междунар. науч.-практ. конф. Санкт-Петербург: Военно-исторический музей артиллерии, инженерных войск и войск связи, 2014. С. 425–438. ISBN 978-5-7937-1082-4. EDN: AKOTVH.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petrov A. A. Ostavleniye Syzrani i Samary Narodnoy armiyey Komucha (20 sentyabrya–20 oktyabrya 1918 g.) [Abandonment of Syzran and Samara by the Army of Komuch (September 20– October 20, 1918)]. Voyna i Oruzhiye. Novyye Issledovaniya i Materialy. Saint Petersburg, 2014. P. 425–438. ISBN 978-5-7937-1082-4. EDN: AKOTVH.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Государственный архив Российской Федерации (ГАРФ). Ф. Р–670. Оп. 2. Д. 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gosudarstvennyy arkhiv Rossiyskoy Federatsii (GARF) [State Archives of the Russian Federation (SARF)]. File: Р–670/2/1. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАРФ. Ф. Р–670. Оп. 2. Д. 4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GARF [SARF]. File: Р–670/2/4. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАРФ. Ф. Р–670. Оп. 2. Д. 13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GARF [SARF]. File: Р–670/2/13. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Колчаковщина. Из белых мемуаров / под ред. Н. А. Корнатовского. Ленинград: Изд-во «Красная Газета», 1930. 240 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kolchakovshchina. Iz belyh memuarov [Kolchakshchina. From the White Memoirs] / Ed. by N. A. Kornatovsky. Leningrad, 1930. 240 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАРФ. Ф. Р–670. Оп. 2. Д. 7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GARF [SARF]. File: Р–670/2/7. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Российский государственный военный архив (РГВА). Ф. 39624. Оп. 1. Д. 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gosudarstvennyy arkhiv Rossiyskoy Federatsii (RGVA) [Russian State Military Archive (RSMA)]. File: 39624/1/2. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАРФ. Ф. Р–670. Оп. 2. Д. 5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GARF [SARF]. File: Р–670/2/5. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тепляков А. Г. «Я не чиновник и не трус»: судьба Вивиана Итина // Власть и общество в Сибири в XX веке: сборник научных статей. Новосибирск: Параллель, 2015. Вып. 6. С. 181–208. EDN: UXZAZV.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Teplyakov A. G. «Ya ne chinovnik i ne trus»: sud’ba Viviana Itina [“I am not an official and I am not a coward”: the fate of Vivian Itin]. Vlast’ i obshchestvo v Sibiri v XX veke. Power and Society in Siberia in the 20th Century. Novosibirsk, 2015. Issue 6. P. 181–208. EDN: UXZAZV. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГВА. Ф. 39568. Оп. 1. Д. 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RGVA [RSMA]. File: 39568/1/1. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГВА. Ф. 39548. Оп. 1. Д. 35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RGVA [RSMA]. File: 39548/1/35. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАРФ. Ф. Р–670. Оп. 2. Д. 10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GARF [SARF]. File: Р–670/2/10. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАРФ. Ф. Р–4370. Оп. 1. Д. 17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GARF [SARF]. File: Р–4370/1/17. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГВА. Ф. 39500. Оп. 1. Д. 14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RGVA [RSMA]. File: 39500/1/14. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аминев З. А. Октябрьская социалистическая революция и гражданская война в Башкирии: 1917–1919 гг. Уфа, 1966. 483 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aminev Z. A. Oktyabr’skaya sotsialisticheskaya revolyutsiya i grazhdanskaya voyna v Bashkirii: 1917–1919 gg. [October Socialist Revolution and Civil War in Bashkiria: 1917–1919]. Ufa, 1966. 483 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГВА. Ф. 185. Оп. 3. Д. 946.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RGVA [RSMA]. File: 185/3/946. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Симонов Д. Г. К истории формирования 1-го Волжского армейского корпуса генерала В. О. Каппеля // Власть и общество в Сибири в XX веке: сборник научных статей. Новосибирск: Параллель, 2015. Вып. 6. С. 68–82. EDN: UVQSDV.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simonov D. G. K istorii formirovaniya 1-go Volzhskogo armeyskogo korpusa generala V. O. Kappelya [On the history of the formation of the 1st Volga Army Corps of General V. O. Kappel]. Vlast’ i obshchestvo v Sibiri v XX veke. Power and Society in Siberia in the 20th Century. Novosibirsk, 2015. Issue 6. P. 68–82. EDN: UVQSDV. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГВА. Ф. 169. Оп. 2. Д. 1с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RGVA [RSMA]. File: 169/2/1s. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brno v boji za svobodu: sborník vzpomínek. Druhý svazek. Brno, 1935. 156 s. Brno v boji za svobodu: sborník vzpomínek. Druhý svazek. [Brno in the fight for freedom: a collection of memories]. Brno, 1935. 156 p. (In Czech).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brno v boji za svobodu: sborník vzpomínek. Druhý svazek. Brno, 1935. 156 s. Brno v boji za svobodu: sborník vzpomínek. Druhý svazek. [Brno in the fight for freedom: a collection of memories]. Brno, 1935. 156 p. (In Czech).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГВА. Ф. 39624. Оп. 1. Д. 8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RGVA [RSMA]. File: 39624/1/8. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГВА. Ф. 39554. Оп. 1. Д. 11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RGVA [RSMA]. File: 39554/1/11. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Плотников И. Ф. Окончательная гибель Всероссийского Учредительного собрания. Сентябрь–декабрь 1918 г. // Исторический архив. № 4. 1999. С. 141–172.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plotnikov I. F. Okonchatel’naya gibel’ Vserossiyskogo Uchreditel’nogo sobraniya. Sentyabr’–dekabr’ 1918 g. [Final collapse of the All-Russian Constituent Assembly. September– December 1918]. Istoricheskiy arkhiv. Historical Archive. No. 4. 1999. P. 141–172. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАРФ. Ф. Р670. Оп. 2. Д. 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GARF [SARF]. File: Р670/2/2. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГВА. Ф. 39500. Оп. 1. Д. 15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RGVA [RSMA]. File: 39500/1/15. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГВА. Ф. 39500. Оп. 1. Д. 16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RGVA [RSMA]. File: 39500/1/16. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГВА. Ф. 39624. Оп. 1. Д. 4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RGVA [RSMA]. File: 39624/1/4. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГВА. Ф. 39624. Оп. 1. Д. 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RGVA [RSMA]. File: 39624/1/3. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РГВА. Ф. 39624. Оп. 1. Д. 84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RGVA [RSMA]. File: 39624/1/84. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
